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WhatexactlyishopePsychologistsx19dex1nitionsvarybutastandardoneisthisHopeexistswhenthreeconditionsaremet1.Goalsx13havingsomethingtohopeor.Callx18emdreamsaspirationsdesires.Theycanbebigorsmallandconcernanyarenaolie.2.Pathwaysx13havingaplanorstrategythatwillgetyoutoyourgoals.Nothavinganyideahowtoreachagoalwouldcontributetohopelessnessnothope.3.Agencyx13havingtheenergyormotivationtogoateryourgoal.Withoutanurgetomakeithappenyoucanx19teelhopeul.Havinggoalsapathwaytomakeithappenandthedesiretoollowthroughmakepeopleeelhopeulatanyliestage.Alargebodyopositivepsychologyresearchonhealthypeoplelinkshopeulnesstolessdepressionandanxietystrongercardiovascularhealthanabilitytotoleratepainbetteragreatersensethatliehasmeaningandpurposemorecontentmentandbettercopingwithstressadversityandtrauma.Hopelikelyholdssimilarbenex1tsortheterminallyillFeldmanByockandothersbelievealthoughtherex19slessdatasoarbecausethisisaairlynewwayolookingattheend-o-liemindset.Hopelessnessx14whichisoneothehallmarksymptomsodepressionx14hasbeenlinkedwiththoughtsosuicideandassistedsuicideintheterminalandelderly.InterestinglypeopleinhospiceseemtohavemoregoalsandinmoreareasoliethanthosewhocontinueonacurativepathpreliminaryresultsromFeldmanx19sownresearchhaveshown.Thismayevenbeacontributingactortowhystudiesshowhospicepatientslivelongerandreportbetterqualityoliethanthosewhoreceivestandardcare.Whathopeisnx19t.x1cHopeulthinkingisnotthesameaswishulthinkingortheso-calledx18poweropositivethinkingx19x1dFeldmansays.Considerthelong-marriedHaroldandHelen.WhileHaroldunderwenttreatmentorbladdercancerHelenreusedtotalktohimaboutanythingnegativex14nothispainnothisnauseanothishairallingoutx14orearitwouldbringhimdown.MeanwhileHaroldeltunsup-portedbecausehispartnerwouldnx19tlistentohim.Theirrelationshipstruggledattheverytimetheyneededoneanother.x1cHelenx19swayothinkingwasnx19tpositivethinkingitwasdenialx1dFeldmanexplains.Denialdeniesanddistortsreality.Itsaysx1cIwillignorerealitytomaintainapositiveoutlook.x1dHopebuildsonreality.Itsaysx1cIwillacerealityadmittheprognosisandthenaskx1cNowwhatx1dHowfamiliescanhelp.x1cThechallengeattheendolieisnotsomuchprotectingorrestoringhopeasdiversiyingandredirectinghopex1dMarkJ.SullivanMDPhDsummarizedinaninfuential2003AmericanJournalofGeriatricPsychiatryarticleabouthopeandhopelessnessattheendolie.Andthatx19swherelovedonescomein.WhatcanyoutryFirstmakesurepainmanagementisappropriate.Whensomeoneisinpaintheycanx19tocusontheirdesiresandtheycertainlydonx19thaveenergytomakethemhappen.InactFeldmancallspainoneothebiggestroadblockstohope.Theotherishavingyouramilybeindenialaboutdeath.Acornerstoneohospicecareisaddressingpainsothatthepersonisalwayscomortableandcanhaveabetterqualityolie.TouchingLives10